Introduction: Hemodialysis is a medical procedure used to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood of individuals with kidney failure. During hemodialysis, blood …

Kidney transplantation is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The procedure involves the removal of a diseased kidney and the transplantation …

Introduction Hemodialysis is a crucial medical treatment for patients suffering from kidney failure. The procedure involves removing waste and excess fluid from the blood by …